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Tech
Tips:
Keeping your Voilin or Fiddle in top
condition.
Audio Cable Maintenance
Guitar
and Bass fretboard cleaning.
Instrument
cases - do not use as a table, bench, suitcase, weapon..etc.
Woodwind
Reed Care
Electrical
Component Soldering Tips for Guitars
Rims
and Rods - Basic Drum Maintenance
I
installed new strings last year and now they sound dead.
Pretend
that valve oil is $100 an ounce.
Clarinet
Players! Please, Use a swab!
Why
did I put a bumper sticker on my guitar?
Take
care of your brass.
Trust
in the Truss Rod
Click HERE
for some repair pictures.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
MEMBER

National
Association of Professional Band Instrument Repair Technicians
Keeping your Voilin or Fiddle in
top condition.
Violins are very fragile. Never
leave your instrument in a warm/hot car, garage, near heating vents or
in direct
sunlight. Doing so will warp top,back, and/or sides, loosen glue
joints, bubble the varnish and
result in a permanently damaged instrument.
It is best to handle
your instrument by the neck. The oils from our skin attract dust
and rosin to the varnish.
Remove rosin dust from top of instrument
after each use. It is best
to keep your violin dust-free with a soft, dry cloth. If you get
oil or wax on the strings or bow hair the violin will not play
correctly. If you must clean and polish the violin be very careful not
to get any polish on the strings, or bow hair. Never use alcohol or furniture oils to
polish your
violin. Wash the cloth
regularly. Dirt and rosin can build up on the cloth and scratch
the finish. Be
careful not to get polish inside of your instrument. This will warp the
bare wood.
The best, and
only, way to clean your bow hair is to use denatured alcohol and
Kleenex. Denatured alcohol can be bought in hardware or paint
stores. Do not use rubbing alcohol, as most rubbing alcohol’s have baby
oil or soap and other added ingredients that you don’t want on the bow
hair. Try not to
handle bow hairs with your fingers. Wear rubber gloves if
available. Hand oils will lessen the
effect of rosin. Separate the hair from the bow and clean hair. Alcohol will
damage or remove varnish from the stick, so let the hair dry before
attaching to stick. After the hair dries tighten the bow and rosin.
Cleaning will help the hair to last for years. Always loosen the bow (3-4 turns)
before putting it
away. Wash and dry your hands thoroughly before each session to prolong
string life.
Keep an eye on the bridge. During
use, the bridge can begin to tilt. Keeping the bridge straight
will reduce the chance of damage to the bridge or top of the
violin.
Never
store books/music or other foreign items in your case. This is a major
cause of instrument damage.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
Audio Cable Maintenance
The
tips below can be applied to many types of cables - instrument,
microphone, speaker, patch, ..etc.
Keep
the connectors clean. The contact points of your cables should be
cleaned to reduce corrosion. Tools and supplies needed: A
clean cotton cloth, q-tips and rubbing alchohol. A small amount
of alchohol is needed to help keep the contact points of the
connectors clean. Alchohol evaporates quickly and will not harm
the connectors.
Cables
will get stepped on . There is no way to prevent this from
happening. You can help prolong the life of the cables by making
sure that the "kinks" and knots are removed from your cables. As
"kinks" and knots are stepped on, the cable can be crimped and damaged.
Also,
try to keep audio cables and power cords separate. Continuois
over-lapping of power cords and audio cables can cuase interference
with your audio signal.
Whether
you are inside or outside, the cables will get dirty. Grass,
dirt, dust, food...etc will get on the cables. When you are
finished with a gig, take the time to wipe off the cables before
wrapping and storing. Keeping a roll of papertowels or baby wipes
to keep your cables clean.
There
are many methods used for wrapping or coiling cables for storage.
On of the most effectives methods, especially for long cables, is the
over-under technique. Over-under technique is the process of
coiling the cable, by alternating each wrap. It is all in the
wrist! The first wrap is normal. Then during the second
wrap, twist the cable keeping the same size coil. The Over-under
technique is much eisier to explain in person.
Below
is a video demonstration:
Stagecraft Over/UnderCable Wrapping Techniques
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Guitar
and Bass fretboard cleaning.
Does
your maple fretboard have dark smudges on it? Is there a funky
buildup
around your frets? Below are a few maintenance suggestions that
you
can use the next time you change strings.
Tools
and supplies needed:
- Naphtha
or Lighter Fluid
- Lemon
Oil or 3 in Linseed Oil
- Toothbrush
- Paper
towels
- Masking
Tape
- 500 grit
wet/dry sanding paper
- #0000
Steel Wool
After
you remove your strings, use a paper towel or shop towel soaked with
naphtha
or lighter fluid to rub the fretboard to remove the build up around the
frets. If necessary, use the toothbrush to get along the edge of
the frets. Do not over saturate the fretboard with the cleaning
fluid.
After
the naphtha or lighter fluid has evaporated, cover the fretboard with
masking
tape. Make sure that the fret wire is still exposed. You
may
also want to tape the body around the neck and the neck pickup.
(I
will explain why later in this section.)
After
the fretboard and surrounding areas has been taped, use the 500 grit
sandpaper
to clean the fret wire. Be careful not to rush during this
process.
If you loose control while sanding the fret wire, you could slip and
hit
the body of the guitar or damage the nut.
After
you have touched each of the frets with the sandpaper, you can remove
the
tape from the fretboard. Do not remove the tape from the body
around
the neck or the pickup. Now you can use the steel wool to polish
the frets and fretboard. The steel wool will leave small
particles
while in use. These small particle, being steel, will collect
around
the pickup. Now you understand why the pickup is taped.
After
you are satisfied with the polishing job. you can use a clean paper
towel
to remove the steel particles from the fretboard and surrounding areas.
Now, you can remove the rest of the masking tape.
On
Rosewood fretboards: complete the process, use a small amount of lemon
oil or linseed oil to restore the moisture to the neck that evaporated
with the cleaning fluids.
On
maple fretboards, use guitar polish or wax to shine the
fretboard.
No oil or treaments are needed on lacquered fretboards.
Now
you fretboard is clean and ready for a new set of strings.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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Instrument
cases - do not use as a table, bench, suitcase, weapon..etc.
Instrument
cases are designed to protect your instrument during transportation and
storage. Some case companies do advertise that their cases are
rugged
and durable. This does not mean that they are
indestructible.
Below are some No, no'sconcerning your instrument case (especially when
the instrument is in it!)
Do
not use the case as a writing desk or a prop for working on other
projects.
The case could easily slip off of your lap or whatever it is sitting
own
and the instrument inside could be damaged.
Please
do not sit on the case. Trumpet and saxophone cases are just the
right size to be used as a bench or stool. Most cases are not
designed
to withstand the weight of most people. The case can become
warped
and will not function properly
You
case is designed to carry your instrument and sometimes a small
amount
of supplies. Gym clothes, school books, your lunch..etc should
not
be inside the case with your instrument. Anything placed inside
the
case should be secured and not allowed to shift inside the case to
avoid
damaging the instrument.
We
do not encourage violence by all means. However, if you are forced to
"put
the smack down" on someone, do not use your instrument case as a
weapon.
You could cause more damage to the instrument than you could another
person.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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Woodwind
Reed Care
Woodwind
reeds are very fragile and should be handled carefully. A reed
with
a small split or tear will not perform properly.
New
reeds are usually dry and should be moistened before playing.
Most
players will lick the reed to moisten it. This works, but is not
the most sanitary method. Saliva enzymes or bacteria can damage
the
structural fibers of the cane.
We
suggest that you use a small glass of water or a running water from a
fountain
to wet the reed. Do not over moisten the reed. A
water-logged
reed can become too soft and hard to play.
When
you install the reed, hold the reed from the bottom, not the blade or
thin
section. Be careful not to damage the reed when you slide on the
ligature. Take your time to get the reed aligned properly and
tighten
the ligature to hold it in place. Do not over tighten the
ligature.
You can warp the reed and possibly strip the ligature screws.
Make
sure that you remove the reed and store it in a reed case when not in
use.
The moister from playing can make the reed stick to the mouthpiece and
damage the reed. Also, the germs that can hide between the reed
and
the mouthpiece is not a pleasant thought.
If
possible rinse the reed and dry it after playing. Periodically
rinse
your mouthpiece to remove any residue from playing.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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Electrical
Component Soldering Tips for Guitars
Soldering
iron or gun? You do not want to use any type of soldering devise
with an on off switch. The switch can produce its own magnetic
field
that can demagnetize your pickups.
An
iron is recommended to use. 30 watts will be plentiful when
soldering
guitar electronics. Irons with higher wattage can heat the
components,
especially potentiometers, too much and damage the ceramic element
inside.
Do
not use too much solder. You need a small bead of solder to hold
the wires onto the terminals. You do not need to spread solder on
the terminal.
Let
the solder cool on its own. Do not "blow" on the solder bead to
make
it set faster. The solder will harden prematurely and you may not
get a good seal between the ire and the terminal.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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Rims
and Rods - Basic Drum Maintenance
There
are a few good reasons to remove the drum heads from your kit.
One
obvious reason is to replace the head. If your sticks look like
beavers
have been chewing on them, then you may also want to remove the head to
clean the rim and lugs.
Using
your drum key (please do not use any type of pliers) loosen each
tension
rod on the drum. Place each lug into a small container of grease
removing dishwashing liquid or "Simple Green" cleaning liquid.
This
will remove any grease and dirt from the tension rods.
Now
remove the rim from the drum. You will probably notice the
dirt and sawdust that has settled inside the rim. Clean the
rim
with window cleaner or mild soapy water. After you remove the
head,
you should also wipe down the inside head or bearing edge of the shell.
Take
this time to clean the outside of the shell and the lugs. Use
some
q-tips and alcohol to clean the inside of the lug casings. You
can
also apply paraffin wax to the bearing edge to make the new drum head
slide
smoothly in place when you place the rim back in place.
Now
remove the tension rods from the cleaning liquid. Dry off each
lug
with an old towel or t-shirt. When you are ready to insert each
tension
rod in place, apply a small drop of 3 in 1 Oil on the end of the
rod.
This will help reduce additional corrosion and keep the threads clean.
Tighten
the rods, tune the drum and you are ready to shred some more wood.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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I
installed new strings last year and now they sound dead.
A common
question that we get is, “How can I make my strings last longer?"
The combination of moisture and dead skin from your fingers can cause
the
strings to loose their brightness. The moisture from your fingers
causes the strings to corrode. The dead skin can get “wedged”
between
the coils of the wound strings and cause these strings to loose sustain
and brightness. Sometimes I ask how long have the strings been on
the guitar. Some people try to get 6 months to one year per
set.
This is almost impossible with the climate that we live in. The
humidity
is so high that the strings will corrode without being played.
Below
are a few tips that will make you strings last longer:
- Wash you
hands before you play. This will remove access oil and sweat.
- Wipe down
the strings during and after you play. It is also a good idea to
wipe down your hardware too.
- Clean
you strings with alcohol. This will help remove some of the dead
skin particle that build up between the coils on the wound strings.
If
you have any other proven tips to increase string life, let us know.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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Pretend
that valve oil is $100 an ounce.
I get
a lot of trumpets in for repairs on “sticky” valves. Believe it
or
not, but too much valve oil is usually the problem. Excessive use
of valve oil can cause dirt to build up on the valve. The extra
valve
oil will drain into the slide, collect the “gunk” and move it into the
valve casing.
I recommend
that you remove your valves at least once each month. Use a shop
towel or flannel cloth to remove the old valve oil from the
valves.
Cheesecloth is best to use inside the valve casing to remove old oil
and
particles that have built up.
After
you have cleaned and dried the valves and valve casings remove the
bottom
caps and inspect the casing and valves for addition buildup or dirt
particles
that can scratch the valves. Once you have inspected and cleaned
the valves and casings, apply a small amount (three or four drops) of
valve
oil to the valve and insert them into the appropriate casing.
Before
you screw on the bottom caps, clean the inside where old oil and “gunk”
can also build up. When you get everything installed and
tightened
you are ready to play.
**Note:
You should never apply valve oil from the bottom of the valve.
This
will loosen up any built up “gunk” and will cause more problems.
Always remove the valve from the top of the casing and apply the oil
directly
to the piston (the part with the holes).
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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Clarinet
Players! Please, Use a swab!
A swab
is a very inexpensive item that can save you big money later.
Protecting
the pads on your clarinet is very important.
Whilst
playing the instrument, use a swab frequently (every 10 – 15 minutes).
If water collects in the tone holes, bubbling and swelling of pads with
consequent leakage will badly affect the performance.
If so, dry pads with a dollar bill or cigarette paper.
Note:
Pass a swab through the barrel towards the bell. Otherwise, it can be
caught
by a tube protruding inwardly in the upper part of
the
top joint.
When
the swab is soiled, replace it with a new one. If a solid or a fluffy
one
resulting from over washing is used, dust may collect
in the tone holes.
Do
not put a wet swab in the case together with the instrument. The wet
swab
may cause rust on the springs and the discoloration of the key
work.
A ziplock bag is recommend for storing swabs, corks grease, etc.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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Why
did I put a bumper sticker on my guitar?
I do
not know the answer to this question, but I can tell you how to remove
the unwanted decals without damaging the finish.
Depending
on how long the decal is on the guitar, you may be able to remove it by
simply finding a loose corner and slowly pulling the sticker away from
the instrument. Some decals are not as easy to remove. Do
not
try to scrap the decal with a razor blade or knife. This will
only
increase the chance of damaging the finish.
Stubborn
decal can be removed by using Lighter Fluid or Naphtha. These
fluids
are good cleaners that evaporate before penetrating or breaking up the
lacquer. Use a small cloth or a piece of an old t-shirt soaked
with
Lighter Fluid or Naphtha. Gently “pat’ the decal to spread the
fluid
through any tears and around the edges. As the decal absorbs the
fluid, the glue will begin to release and the paper will start to
rise.
Continue to rub the decal with the cloth to remove pieces as the fluid
works its magic. When you have completely removed all of the paper, you
can continue to use the fluid to remove any glue residue that remains.
Take you time and allow any extra fluid to evaporate as you rub off the
decal.
I have
also read where people have used a hair dryer to heat the decal a
loosen
the glue. This may work for solid body guitars, but you
definitely
do not want to heat up the top of an acoustic guitar. Not only
will
you loosen the glue on the decal, but you may loosen the glue on some
of
the bracing and damage the guitar.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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Take
care of your brass.
Some
people do not realize how delicate brass instruments can be. They
think of brass as being a hard metal that can withstand abuse.
Trumpets
and trombones especially are very fragile instruments and need delicate
care when cleaning. Below are a few cleaning tips for the brass finish
and tubing.
"Can
I use Brasso to clean my trombone?"
NO!
Brasso or related cleaners should not to be used on lacquered
instruments.
The lacquer is very thin and harsh cleaners will remove the
finish.
Use a clean flannel cloth, mild soap and warm water to clean you brass
instrument. Do not use hot water.
"My
tuning slides will not clean. They are black and look rusty. I
used
plenty of Vaseline to keep them from sticking."
Vaseline
will damage the brass and make the slides turn black. Use only
tuning
slide grease. It is recommended to have a cloth just for cleaning
your tuning slides. Occasionally wipe off the old grease and
apply
fresh grease to the slide. For trombone slide, use slide cream or
slide oil.
"Will
the dishwashing machine clean my horn?"
Not
only will it clean the horn, but it will probably rearrange a few
slides.
You can, however, bathe or horn.
First
you want to remove all valves and felts before bathing the horn.
Take this time to clean off all of the tuning slide oil and
grease.
Use luke-warm water and a mild soap (Dr. Dan's Cleaning Soap is
recommended).
Immerse the instrument into the water and let it soak for about 15
minutes.
You will need a set of brushes (these vary depending on the type of
instrument)
to use to clean the tubing and valve casings. Do not use wire
brushes
or brillo pads to clean the outside of the instrument.
Once
you have brushed to inside of the horn, remove from the water and
rotate
the instrument to pour out any water that may collect inside the tuning
slides.
You
can use a flannel cloth to dry the outside of the instrument. Do
not use paper towels to dry the outside or inside of the
instrument.
Paper towels can scratch the finish or tear apart inside the horn
leaving
particles that may be trapped inside valves. Cheesecloth is good
material
to use to dry the inside of the instrument.
Apply
new grease to the slides and oil to the valves and reassemble.
Now
you are ready to play!
**NOTE:
It is not recommended that you flush and bathe your instrument before a
performance. Flush and clean the instrument two to three weeks
prior
to a performance. Actually once a month is recommended.
If
you do not flush and bathe or instrument regularly, the "gunk" will
build
up inside the tubing. As the build up increases you need less air
to fill the horn. When you clean the horn, it will take more air
to fill the instrument. You may have difficulty hitting certain
note
that after bathing will require more air or a change in
embouchure.
This change can be horrifying if not realized until performance day.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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Trust
in the Truss Rod
A very
important part of most guitars and basses is the truss rod located in
the
neck of the instrument. This rod is "bowed" to counteract the
tension
from the strings. The truss rod enables the neck to be adjusted
against
the tension of the strings to keep the fretboard straight. High
action
and bad intonation can be a result of a needed truss rod adjustment.
Even
though the adjustments are very easy to perform, the truss rod should
be
adjusted very carefully. You can damage the neck, crack the fretboard
or
even break the truss rod if the adjustments are not made properly. It
is
suggested that the truss rod is adjusted 1/8 to 1/4 of a turn at a time
to reduce unwanted stress on the neck and fretboard.
Where
is the truss rod? The majority of guitars have a small
cover,
truss rod cover, behind the nut on the headstock. Some acoustic
guitars
are adjusted on the body send of the neck behind the soundhole.
Some
older Fenders electric guitars have the adjustment located where the
pickguard
meets the neck.
To
fully understand the purpose of the truss rod, you can begin by
inspecting
the straightness of the fretboard. Use a straight edge placed
between
the strings in the middle of the fretboard to check for a "bow" or
"warp".
If the straight edge. There should be a small gap between the
straight
edge and the 7th fret. The gap should allow you to slide a
business
card, snug, between the 7th fret and the straight edge. If
the gap is larger, then there is too much relief on the truss
rod.
The rod needs to be tightened (clockwise) to decrease the size of the
gap
and straighten the neck. If the gap is too small or the straight
edge "rocks" on the 7th fret, then the truss rod does not have enough
relief
and needs to be loosed (counter-clockwise) to straighten the
neck.
Some players like very low, fast action and prefer to have the neck
perfectly
straight, no gap at all. this is fine. You may experience
string
buzzing, however, if the distortion is cranked and the volume is on
"10"
the buzzing is not noticeable.
The
truss rod is very important the the playability of the guitar.
Please
be careful when making these adjustments.
Remember,
if your instrument develops any serious problem or if you are not sure
about certain repairs, it is always best to seek out a qualified repair
person to maintain and repair your instrument.
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